E-bikes fall into three general classifications (Class I, II or III), and their speeds vary. Compared to a regular bicycle, which relies entirely on human pedal power, an electric motor assists your pedaling so you can go farther using less energy. The only downside to an e-bike is the added cost of the electrical system, motor, and battery lifespan. When buying an e-bike, also consider how far you’ll be riding between charges. Also consider whether you can charge the bike’s battery regularly.
Different types and speeds of e-bikes
You can use an electric bike like a conventional bike. Take it on a casual city ride. Use the bike to commute to work, or haul cargo. Use the electric motor’s power to tackle or climb hills by combining electric power with mechanical gears. So it feels like you’re mostly riding on flat terrain.
Once you have defined how you will use the bike and the model you prefer, you will have to choose which of the three e-bike classifications best fits you.
Class 1: e-bikes are pedal-assist only, with no throttle, and have a maximum speed of 20 mph
Class 2: e-bikes also have a maximum speed of 20 mph but allow for throttle assistance
Class 3: e-bikes are pedal-assist only, with no throttle and a maximum speed of 28 mph.
Why this 3-class system is the best
The 3-class framework is widely adopted across the United States and explained by companies like Bosch, and is considered the best because it creates clear boundaries between lightweight bicycles and motorized vehicles. By capping speeds at 20 or 28 mph and limiting motor power (typically to 750 watts), lawmakers can exempt e-bikes from heavy moped or motorcycle regulations like licensing, registration, and insurance. It also helps land managers decide where bikes are allowed: Class 1 and 2 bikes are widely permitted on multi-use paths and dirt trails, while faster Class 3 bikes are generally restricted to paved roads and street bike lanes.